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Listed below are some research findings from studies on the natural products included in Ashi
pain relief ingredients. All the research papers are peer-reviewed and published in scientific
journals indexed in PubMed, a service of National Library of Medicine and National Institute of
Health. Click each article title to read its abstract.
pain relief ingredients. All the research papers are peer-reviewed and published in scientific
journals indexed in PubMed, a service of National Library of Medicine and National Institute of
Health. Click each article title to read its abstract.
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Effects of Corydalis yanhusuo and Angelicae dahuricae on cold pressor-induced pain in humans: a
controlled trial. J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Nov;44(11):1323-7.
Effects of four herbal extracts on adjuvant-induced inflammation and hyperalgesia in rats. J Altern
Complement Med. 1999 Oct;5(5):429-36.
Experimental study of analgesic effect of combined Radix Aconiti and Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae.
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2000 Mar;20(3):202-4.
Analgesia-producing mechanism of processed Aconiti tuber: role of dynorphin, an endogenous
kappa-opioid ligand, in the rodent spinal cord. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1999 Mar;79(3):295-301.
Pain-relieving effects of processed Aconiti tuber in CCI-neuropathic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Feb
20;103(3):392-7. Epub 2005 Sep 23.
Neolignans from Piper futokadsura and their inhibition of nitric oxide production. Chem Pharm Bull
(Tokyo). 2005 Jan;53(1):121-4.
Notoginsenoside R1 inhibits TNF-alpha-induced fibronectin production in smooth muscle cells via the
ROS/ERK pathway. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 May 1;40(9):1664-74. Epub 2006 Jan 26.
Panax notoginseng attenuates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells. J
Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Jun 15;106(1):121-8. Epub 2006 Jan 19
Effects and mechanism of total saponins of Panax Notoginseng on anti-inflammation and analgesia
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1994 Jan;14(1):35-6, 5-6.
Notoginsenoside R1 from Panax notoginseng inhibits TNF-alpha-induced PAI-1 production in human
aortic smooth muscle cells. Vascul Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;44(4):224-30. Epub 2006 Feb 3.
Inhibition of COX isoforms by nutraceuticals. J Herb Pharmacother. 2004;4(2):11-8.
Effect of Radix notoginseng saponins on platelet activating molecule expression and aggregation in
patients with blood hyperviscosity syndrome. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004 Apr;24(4):312-6.
Treatment of the post-mastectomy pain syndrome with topical capsaicin. Pain. 1993 Aug;54(2):223-6.
Topical application of capsaicin for treatment of oral neuropathic pain and trigeminal neuralgia. Oral
Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1994 Feb;77(2):135-40.
The analgesic efficacy of topical capsaicin is enhanced by glyceryl trinitrate in painful osteoarthritis: a
randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. Eur J Pain. 2000;4(4):355-60.
Clinical applications of capsaicinoids. Clin J Pain. 2000 Jun;16(2 Suppl):S86-9. Review.
A cetylated fatty acid topical cream with menthol reduces pain and improves functional performance in
individuals with arthritis. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 May;19(2):475-80.
A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain. 2002 May-Jun;18(3):200-2.
Chemical and cold sensitivity of two distinct populations of TRPM8-expressing somatosensory neurons.
J Neurophysiol. 2006 Feb;95(2):1221-30.
Menthol facilitates the skin analgesic effect of tetracaine gel. Int J Pharm. 2005 Nov 23;305(1-2):31-6.
Epub 2005 Oct 10.
Capsaicin and menthol in the treatment of itch and pain: recently cloned receptors provide the key. Gut.
2003 Sep;52(9):1233-5.
Menthol: a natural analgesic compound. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Apr 12;322(3):145-8.
Menthol-induced Ca2+ release from presynaptic Ca2+ stores potentiates sensory synaptic transmission.
J Neurosci. 2004 Jan 21;24(3):762-71.
The anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin in an experimental model of sepsis is mediated by
up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Crit Care Med. 2006 May 17
Curcumin attenuates thermal hyperalgesia in a diabetic mouse model of neuropathic pain. Eur J
Pharmacol. 2006 May 1;536(3):256-61. Epub 2006 Mar 13.
controlled trial. J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Nov;44(11):1323-7.
Effects of four herbal extracts on adjuvant-induced inflammation and hyperalgesia in rats. J Altern
Complement Med. 1999 Oct;5(5):429-36.
Experimental study of analgesic effect of combined Radix Aconiti and Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae.
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2000 Mar;20(3):202-4.
Analgesia-producing mechanism of processed Aconiti tuber: role of dynorphin, an endogenous
kappa-opioid ligand, in the rodent spinal cord. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1999 Mar;79(3):295-301.
Pain-relieving effects of processed Aconiti tuber in CCI-neuropathic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Feb
20;103(3):392-7. Epub 2005 Sep 23.
Neolignans from Piper futokadsura and their inhibition of nitric oxide production. Chem Pharm Bull
(Tokyo). 2005 Jan;53(1):121-4.
Notoginsenoside R1 inhibits TNF-alpha-induced fibronectin production in smooth muscle cells via the
ROS/ERK pathway. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 May 1;40(9):1664-74. Epub 2006 Jan 26.
Panax notoginseng attenuates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells. J
Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Jun 15;106(1):121-8. Epub 2006 Jan 19
Effects and mechanism of total saponins of Panax Notoginseng on anti-inflammation and analgesia
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1994 Jan;14(1):35-6, 5-6.
Notoginsenoside R1 from Panax notoginseng inhibits TNF-alpha-induced PAI-1 production in human
aortic smooth muscle cells. Vascul Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;44(4):224-30. Epub 2006 Feb 3.
Inhibition of COX isoforms by nutraceuticals. J Herb Pharmacother. 2004;4(2):11-8.
Effect of Radix notoginseng saponins on platelet activating molecule expression and aggregation in
patients with blood hyperviscosity syndrome. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004 Apr;24(4):312-6.
Treatment of the post-mastectomy pain syndrome with topical capsaicin. Pain. 1993 Aug;54(2):223-6.
Topical application of capsaicin for treatment of oral neuropathic pain and trigeminal neuralgia. Oral
Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1994 Feb;77(2):135-40.
The analgesic efficacy of topical capsaicin is enhanced by glyceryl trinitrate in painful osteoarthritis: a
randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. Eur J Pain. 2000;4(4):355-60.
Clinical applications of capsaicinoids. Clin J Pain. 2000 Jun;16(2 Suppl):S86-9. Review.
A cetylated fatty acid topical cream with menthol reduces pain and improves functional performance in
individuals with arthritis. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 May;19(2):475-80.
A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain. 2002 May-Jun;18(3):200-2.
Chemical and cold sensitivity of two distinct populations of TRPM8-expressing somatosensory neurons.
J Neurophysiol. 2006 Feb;95(2):1221-30.
Menthol facilitates the skin analgesic effect of tetracaine gel. Int J Pharm. 2005 Nov 23;305(1-2):31-6.
Epub 2005 Oct 10.
Capsaicin and menthol in the treatment of itch and pain: recently cloned receptors provide the key. Gut.
2003 Sep;52(9):1233-5.
Menthol: a natural analgesic compound. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Apr 12;322(3):145-8.
Menthol-induced Ca2+ release from presynaptic Ca2+ stores potentiates sensory synaptic transmission.
J Neurosci. 2004 Jan 21;24(3):762-71.
The anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin in an experimental model of sepsis is mediated by
up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Crit Care Med. 2006 May 17
Curcumin attenuates thermal hyperalgesia in a diabetic mouse model of neuropathic pain. Eur J
Pharmacol. 2006 May 1;536(3):256-61. Epub 2006 Mar 13.
San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang reduces lipopolysaccharides-induced hypotension and inflammatory
mediators. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jan 4;96(1-2):99-106.
mediators. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jan 4;96(1-2):99-106.
Principle of the bark of Phellodendron amurense to suppress the cellular immune response: effect of
phellodendrine on cellular and humoral immune responses. Planta Med. 1995 Feb;61(1):45-9.
phellodendrine on cellular and humoral immune responses. Planta Med. 1995 Feb;61(1):45-9.
Principle of the bark of Phellodendron amurense to suppress the cellular immune response. Planta
Med. 1994 Oct;60(5):445-9.
Med. 1994 Oct;60(5):445-9.
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